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      <FSAuditedInd>true</FSAuditedInd>
      <FSAuditedBasisGrp>
        <SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd>X</SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd>
      </FSAuditedBasisGrp>
      <AuditCommitteeInd>false</AuditCommitteeInd>
      <FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>false</FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>
    </IRS990>
    <IRS990ScheduleA documentId="IRS990ScheduleA-01" softwareId="23017509">
      <PublicOrganization170Ind>X</PublicOrganization170Ind>
      <OtherSupportSumAmt>0</OtherSupportSumAmt>
      <GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>205000</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>803000</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>426160</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>1434160</TotalAmt>
      </GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp>
      <TaxRevLeviedOrgnztnlBnft170Grp>
        <TotalAmt>0</TotalAmt>
      </TaxRevLeviedOrgnztnlBnft170Grp>
      <GovtFurnSrvcFcltsVl170Grp>
        <TotalAmt>0</TotalAmt>
      </GovtFurnSrvcFcltsVl170Grp>
      <TotalCalendarYear170Grp>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>205000</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>803000</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>426160</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>1434160</TotalAmt>
      </TotalCalendarYear170Grp>
      <SubstantialContributorsTotAmt>0</SubstantialContributorsTotAmt>
      <PublicSupportTotal170Amt>1434160</PublicSupportTotal170Amt>
      <GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp>
        <TotalAmt>0</TotalAmt>
      </GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp>
      <UnrelatedBusinessNetIncm170Grp>
        <TotalAmt>0</TotalAmt>
      </UnrelatedBusinessNetIncm170Grp>
      <OtherIncome170Grp>
        <TotalAmt>0</TotalAmt>
      </OtherIncome170Grp>
      <TotalSupportAmt>1434160</TotalSupportAmt>
      <First5Years170Ind>X</First5Years170Ind>
      <PublicSupportCY170Pct>0</PublicSupportCY170Pct>
      <PublicSupportTotal509Amt>0</PublicSupportTotal509Amt>
      <PublicSupportCY509Pct>0</PublicSupportCY509Pct>
      <InvestmentIncomeCYPct>0</InvestmentIncomeCYPct>
    </IRS990ScheduleA>
    <IRS990ScheduleD documentId="IRS990ScheduleD-01" softwareId="23017509">
      <TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>426160</TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>
      <RevenueSubtotalAmt>426160</RevenueSubtotalAmt>
      <TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt>426160</TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt>
      <TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>426160</TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>
      <ExpensesSubtotalAmt>426160</ExpensesSubtotalAmt>
      <TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt>426160</TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt>
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    <IRS990ScheduleF documentId="IRS990ScheduleF-01" softwareId="23017509">
      <GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>SYDHE</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
        <CashGrantAmt>5250</CashGrantAmt>
        <MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>EFT</MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>
      </GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
      <GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>Action Mines</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
        <CashGrantAmt>8000</CashGrantAmt>
        <MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>EFT</MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>
      </GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
      <GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>SYND</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
        <CashGrantAmt>5500</CashGrantAmt>
        <MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>EFT</MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>
      </GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
      <Total501c3OrgCnt>3</Total501c3OrgCnt>
      <TransferToForeignCorpInd>false</TransferToForeignCorpInd>
      <InterestInForeignTrustInd>false</InterestInForeignTrustInd>
      <ForeignCorpOwnershipInd>false</ForeignCorpOwnershipInd>
      <PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd>false</PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd>
      <ForeignPartnershipInd>false</ForeignPartnershipInd>
      <BoycottCountriesInd>false</BoycottCountriesInd>
    </IRS990ScheduleF>
    <IRS990ScheduleI documentId="IRS990ScheduleI-01" softwareId="23017509">
      <GrantRecordsMaintainedInd>true</GrantRecordsMaintainedInd>
      <GrantsOtherAsstToIndivInUSGrp>
        <GrantTypeTxt>Fiscal Sponsorship</GrantTypeTxt>
        <RecipientCnt>1</RecipientCnt>
        <CashGrantAmt>25000</CashGrantAmt>
      </GrantsOtherAsstToIndivInUSGrp>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Pt I Line 2</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The organization restricts the use of the funds to the objectives outlined in the fiscal sponsorship agreement, and monitors this through reporting and periodic meetings with the sponsoree.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Pt III, col (b)</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>This was a fiscal sponsorship established with the Pew Charitable Trust.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
    </IRS990ScheduleI>
    <IRS990ScheduleO documentId="IRS990ScheduleO-01" softwareId="23017509">
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Pt VI, Line 11b</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The 990 will be communicated via email and approved by the board thereafter.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Pt VI, Line 12c</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>All conflicts of interest will be written and disclosed to the board annually. The board will thereafter vote and address the conflict to protect the organization and its interests.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 4d</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Other Program Services 61589. 61589. 0.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
    </IRS990ScheduleO>
  </ReturnData>
</Return>