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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART X, LINE 2:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE FOUNDATION FILES FORM 990 ANNUALLY WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. WHEN ANNUAL RETURNS ARE FILED, SOME TAX POSITIONS TAKEN ARE HIGHLY CERTAIN TO BE SUSTAINED UPON EXAMINATION BY THE TAXING AUTHORITIES, WHILE OTHER TAX POSITIONS ARE SUBJECT TO UNCERTAINTY ABOUT THE TECHNICAL MERITS OF THE POSITION OR AMOUNT OF THE POSITION'S TAX BENEFIT THAT WOULD ULTIMATELY BE SUSTAINED. MANAGEMENT EVALUATED THE FOUNDATION'S TAX POSITIONS, INCLUDING INTEREST AND PENALTIES ATTRIBUTABLE THERETO, AND CONCLUDED THAT THE FOUNDATION HAD TAKEN NO TAX POSITION THAT REQUIRED ADJUSTMENT IN ITS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023 OR 2022.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <TransactionDesc>SEE PART V</TransactionDesc>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>SCHEDULE L, PART IV, LINE 2, COLUMN D:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>JEFFREY H. STERN IS COMPENSATED FOR SERVICES PERFORMED AS THE TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH DIRECTOR OF THE ORGANIZATION. HIS COMPENSATION IS DETERMINED BY THE GOVERNING BOARD AS DISCLOSED IN SCHEDULE O.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>A COPY OF THE ORGANIZATION'S FORM 990 WAS DISTRIBUTED TO AND REVIEWED BY THE BOARD PRIOR TO FILING WITH THE IRS.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>EVERY BOARD MEMBER IS PROVIDED A COPY OF THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND ALL RELATIONSHIPS INVOLVING AN APPARENT OR POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST ARE DISCUSSED BY THE BOARD IN ADVANCE OF THE FOUNDATION ENTERING INTO ANY TRANSACTION OR RELATIONSHIP. THE BOARD ALSO REVIEWS ITS CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY ANNUALLY.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
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        <ExplanationTxt>THE COMPENSATION OF ALL EMPLOYEES INCLUDING THE FOUNDATION'S EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND OTHER INDIVIDUALS IS REVIEWED AND APPROVED PERIODICALLY BY THE GOVERNING BOARD. THE BOARD CONSIDERS BOTH COMPARATIVE POSITIONS AND GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS WHEN MAKING ITS DECISION.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
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        <ExplanationTxt>ALL FOUNDATION GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST EITHER IN PERSON, BY TELEPHONE OR EMAIL.</ExplanationTxt>
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